SUL Sign Language and Braille

SUL is one language with four bodies: spoken, written, touched, and signed. Braille and sign reuse the same 12 letters and the same grammar - learning one form gives you most of the others for free.

Braille: the same writing, raised

Each stroke of the printed letter becomes three raised dots - both ends plus the midpoint - sitting exactly on the line they replace. If you can read the printed script, you already know the shape your fingertip is tracing.

LetterPrintedBrailleOverlaidHear
aaaa
eeee
iiii
oooo
uuuu
tttt
ffff
ssss
kkkk
gggg
nanaanaanadot above the start of the next letter
wawaawaawadash reaching back to the previous letter

One page, every reader

Because the dots sit on the strokes and both forms take exactly the same space on the page, braille is not printed separately - it is embossed straight onto the printed text. One line carries both:

Expanded - romanized

usnagufnafofwak

Expanded - printed

usnagufnafofwak

Expanded - braille

usnagufnafofwak

Expanded - embossed together

usnagufnafofwak

Collapsed - romanized

usnagufnafofwak

Collapsed - printed

usnagufnafofwak

Collapsed - braille

usnagufnafofwak

Collapsed - embossed together

usnagufnafofwak

"usnagufnafofwak" - "I do not want to eat" - one line, readable by eye and by fingertip. Everything above the text is a glue letter: a small dot is an n, the dash reaching back is a w.

One embossing serves every reader: every book is its own braille edition, sighted readers absorb braille without studying it, and blind readers feel the same letterforms sighted readers see.

Braille for people who weren't born blind

Most vision loss comes late in life, and only about one in ten blind people ever master traditional braille's abstract patterns and contractions. A newly blind SUL reader learns nothing new: 12 letters they already know, each dot pattern tracing its printed shape, in naturally larger cells. And it works the other way - sighted people read the same dots by eye. Same page, shared.

Built into the world

Because the dots sit on the letters, tactile text costs nothing extra to make: the same artwork drives the ink and the bumps, and anything that can mold a raised logo can raise the dots.

  • Menus: printed and embossed as one item - every reprint is the accessible edition.
  • Signs: dots molded straight in, with a touchable copy at hand height.
  • Packaging: names and warnings raised on the label itself.
  • Anything printed: if it can be embossed, it is already braille.

Tactile text becomes the default everywhere, not an accommodation to retrofit.

Collapsed braille

Braille collapses letter pairs into single squares just like the condensed script: the dots simply trace the strokes of the collapsed printed square, so a collapsed cell reads the same under the fingertip as it looks to the eye.

Sign language: hand shapes

Signed SUL is not a separate language either: same words, same order, same grammar. You sign a sentence exactly as you would say it. Every letter and number has a hand shape, so anything can be fingerspelled. Vowels are the number of extended fingers:

  • a = 1 finger
  • e = 2 fingers
  • i = 3 fingers
  • o = 4 fingers
  • u = 5 fingers (open hand)

Fingerspelling is the fallback, not the language: every word also gets its own dedicated sign motion, recorded in the dictionary. The word motions are still being designed and will appear on dictionary pages as finished.

Learning it

SUL braille is the printed alphabet with dots instead of lines - 12 letters you can read on day one.